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Zanthoxylum dipetalum : ウィキペディア英語版 | Zanthoxylum dipetalum
''Zanthoxylum dipetalum'' is a rare species of tree in the citrus family and in the same genus as Szechuan pepper. It is known by the common name ''kawa'u'' and is endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago, where it grows in forests on 3 or 4 of the islands.〔(''Zanthoxylum dipetalum''. ) The Nature Conservancy.〕 There are two varieties.〔 *''Z. d.'' var. ''dipetalum'' is present on Kauai, in the mountains of Oahu, on Hawaii in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, and possibly on Molokai. *''Z. d.'' var. ''tomentosum'' is known from fewer than 30 individuals on Hualālai volcano on Hawaii.〔〔World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. (''Zanthoxylum dipetalum'' var. ''tomentosum''. ) (2011 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ) Downloaded on 26 August 2011.〕〔(''Zanthoxylum dipetalum''. ) Center for Plant Conservation.〕 This variety is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. The roots of ''Z. dipetalum'' have been found to contain several chemical compounds, including canthin-6-one, chelerythrine, nitidine, tembetarine, avicennol, xanthoxyletin, lupeol, hesperidin, sitosterol, and magnoflorine.〔Fish, F., et al. (1975). (Alkaloids, coumarins, triterpenes and a flavanone from the root of ''Zanthoxylum dipetalum''. ) ''Phytochemistry'' 14(9) 2073.〕 ==References==
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